First described in a 2013 whitepaper by programmer Vitalik Buterin, Ethereum (ETH) is a cryptocurrency and blockchain platform that allows developers to create programs and run smart contracts using its native language. It can thus be viewed as a virtual computer, whose resources are paid for using Ether.

In 2020, Ethereum began the transition to Ethereum 2.0, in which its proof-of-work consensus mechanism is replaced by a proof-of-stake model. The aim of the upgrade is to increase Ethereum’s scalability and security.


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